The Multi Store Model And The Working Memory Model

Memory is our ability to encode, store,retain and subsequently recall information and past experiences in the human brain (Luke Mastin,2010). In this review I am going to focus on the multi store model and the working memory model, which explain in detail how memory works. The multi-store model (MSM) of memory by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968), explains that the memory is made up of three different stores.These are: sensory memory (SM), short term memory(STM) and long term memory(LTM). This model explains how each store works in terms of encoding, duration and capacity. The SM obtains the information from environmental stimuli through our five senses which are touch,sight,smell,taste and sound. In SM the encoding is either visual,auditory or haptic; duration is  ¼ to  ½ seconds and the capacity is all sensory experience(McLeod S.A,2007). Attention is essential for the information to transfer to the STM, otherwise it is lost through decay. The information in the STM is mostly encoded acoustically. The diagram below shows us how the information is transferred from one store to another. According to Miller s Magic number 7 (1956) most adults can store from 5 to 9 items, therefore STM is known to have a capacity of 7+/-2 items and a duration of up to 18 seconds. The information in this store can be lost through displacement which is replacing the old information with new ones or forgetting it (decay). There are two types of rehearsals. Maintenance rehearsal is not effectiveShow MoreRelatedEvaluate two models of one cognitive process1042 Words   |  5 Pagestwo models of one cognitive process This essay will be discussing one particular cognitive process: the memory by evaluating two models, which are the Multi store model introduced by Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968 and the Working memory model by Baddeley and Hitch in 1974. The first model is the multi store model. It was first proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968 and is a typical example of the information-processing approach. According to this model, memory consistsRead MoreWorking Memory Model Essay941 Words   |  4 Pagescriticised the multi-store model for being a very simplistic view of memory. They saw short term memory as a store that had many individual sections inside it. This was supported by patient KF who had epilepsy, the doctor wanted to try and remedy this by removing his hippocampus. This surgery was done, however instead of fixing his epilepsy, it damaged his short term memory, yet he still had his long term memory intact. In the multi-store model it states that in order to have long term memory, one needsRead MoreThe Multi Store Model Of Memory And Research Into Eyewitness Testimony1065 Words   |  5 PagesDiscuss how memory can be explained with reference to models of memory and research into Eyewitness Testimo ny. Introduction The investigation into memory - how we encode, store and retrieve data - made great advances in the 20th century. Along with biological influences memories define who we are, without them our individuality would be lost. This essay will scrutinize the multi-store model of memory and working model of memory to determine their legitimacy. Each model will be examined on its meritsRead MoreEssay on Baddeley and Hitch’s Working Memory Model1140 Words   |  5 PagesThis essay addresses the working memory model which was proposed by Baddeley and Hitch (1974 in Smith Kosslyn, 2007) as a response to Atkinson and Shiffrins (1968 in Smith, 2007) multi-store model. According to Baddely and Hitch the multi-store model failed to explain most of the complexities of the human memory and viewed it as being too simplistic. They argued that the short term memory store must have more components rather it being a single inflexible store as suggested previously by AtkinsonRead MoreOutline and E valuate the Working Memory Model1210 Words   |  5 Pagesshort-term memory (STM) provided by the Multi-Store Model was far too simple. Following the Multi-Store Model, it is believed that STM holds limited amounts of information for short periods of time with relatively little processing, it is believed to be a unitary store. This means that due to its single store it has no subsystems, unlike the Working Memory Model which has many subsystems. This proves that the Working Memory is not a unitary store. Working Memory is STM. In contrast to the Multi-StoreRead MoreEssay about The Human Memory917 Words   |  4 PagesThe Human Memory Many people dont know it but the memory of a human is more complex than thought to be. The memory can be divided into three stores which are Sensory, Short term and Long term. There are also two processes which are Attention and Rehearsal. I will be looking at these sections closely to help explain the human memory. I will also be looking at past experiments which will help me support my theory. The Sensory stores are made up of three parts- VisualRead MoreModels Of Theories Of Memory1235 Words   |  5 PagesEvaluate two models of theories of memory. This essay will evaluate two models of theories of memory. Memory can be defined as the persistence of learning over time via the encoding, storage, and retrieval of information. Encoding is the process of categorizing incoming information through conscious effortful processing, rehearsal, or unconscious automatic processing. The storage process involves the retention of encoded information over time. Lastly, retrieval is the process of getting informationRead MoreEssay on The Sophistication of the Brain1473 Words   |  6 Pagesstructure and the mind is viewed as the software. This is because software is not physical and somewhat controls what processes can be carried out on a computer. A computer has a hard disk which can store a large volume of information, which is similar to the long term memory store in the brain. Short term memory is stored in the brain, much like RAM in a computer (Lytton, 2002). Information processing theories try to explain the conscious mental processes that occur when a stimulus is processed. (ParkinRead MoreEssay about Mulit-Store Model of Memory vs. Working Memory Model1101 Words   |  5 PagesCompare and contrast the multi-store model of memory with the working memory model. This essay will firstly briefly describe the theories and important facts about the original multi-store model of memory (MSM) and the working memory model (WMM). This essay will then evaluate the key studies within these two models and explain the strengths and weaknesses of the main theories. The final part of this essay will be to examine the similarities and differences between the two models. The first issue thatRead Moreevaluation of the WMM2112 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿CEP – Evaluation of the Working Memory Model Atkinson’s and Shiffrin’s (1968) multi-store model was extremely successful in terms of the amount of research it generated. However, as a result of this research, it became apparent that there were a number of problems with their ideas concerning the characteristics of short-term memory. Building on this research, Baddeley and Hitch (1974) developed an alternative model of short-term memory which they called working memory. Baddeley and Hitch (1974)